Bullish November : Go beyond them...
Tuesday, November 12, 2013
கொடுக்கும் பணத்துக்கு எதுக்கு வட்டி?
பேராசிரியர் இராம.சீனுவாசன் :தி இந்து :நவமபர் 12,2013
எங்க வீட்டுகிட்ட ஒருத்தர் வட்டிக்கு கடன் கொடுப்பார். எப்ப பார்த்தாலும் ஒரு டீக்கடைல உட்கார்ந்திருப்பார். யாராவது பணம் கேட்டா பக்கத்துல உள்ள அவர் வீட்டுக்கு அழைத்துப்போய் பணம் கொடுப்பார்.
ஊர்ல ஒரு பேச்சு உண்டு.. வேலை செய்யாம உட்கார்ந்தே சம்பாதிக்கிறார் என்று. இப்ப யோசிச்சுப் பார்த்தா அவர் ஒன்னும் அதிக வட்டிக்குப் பணம் கடன் கொடுத்ததா தெரியவில்லை. அவருக்கு நன்கு தெரிந்தவர்களுக்கே கடன் கொடுத்திருக்கிறார். எனவே, திருப்பி வாங்குவதில் ஒன்றும் சிரமம் இருந்ததில்லை.
கடன் கொடுப்பவர்கள் ஏன் வட்டி வாங்க வேண்டும்? வட்டி வாங்குவது தவறு என்று சொல்லும் சமய, சமூக நூல்கள் பல உண்டு. பொருளியலில் இதற்கு பல கோட்பாடுகள் உண்டு. சந்தை பொருளியல் பாடம் நடத்தும்போது ‘பணத்தின் நேர மதிப்பு’ (Time Value of Money) என்ற ஒரு கருத்தைக் கூறுவார்கள்.
இன்று நீ எனக்கு ரூ.100 கொடு, அடுத்த வருடம் இதே நாளில் ரூ.100 திருப்பிக் கொடுத்துவிடுகிறேன் என்று நான் கேட்க நீங்கள் கொடுத்தால், உங்களுக்கு பணத்தின் நேர மதிப்பு தெரியவில்லை என்று அர்த்தம். இந்த ஒரு வருடத்தில் என்னவெல்லாமோ நடக்கலாம்.
ஒன்று.. ஒரு வருடத்தில் விலைவாசி ஏறும்போது, அதே ரூ.100 அடுத்த வருடம் உங்களுக்கு குறைவான பொருட்களையே பெற்றுத் தரும். ஒரு வருடத்துக்கான எதிர்பார்க்கப்பட்ட பணவீக்கத்தை சரிக்கட்ட உங்களுக்கு ஒரு வட்டி கொடுக்க வேண்டும்.
இரண்டாவது.. எனக்கு நீங்கள் ரூ.100 கொடுத்தால் உங்களின் தற்போதைய நுகர்வை ஒரு வருடம் வரை தள்ளிப்போடுகிறீர்கள் என்று அர்த்தம். அதாவது ஒரு வருடம் வரை காத்திருந்துதான் நீங்கள் அந்த 100 ரூபாயை பயன்படுத்த
முடியும். இந்த காத்திருப்புக்காக உங்களுக்கு நான் ஒரு வட்டி வழங்க வேண்டும். உங்களது அத்தியாவசியத் தேவையை தள்ளிப்போட்டு எனக்கு பணம் கொடுத்தால், காத்திருப்புக்கான வட்டியும் உயரும்.
மூன்றாவது.. இந்த ஒரு வருடத்தில்
என்னுடைய பொருளாதாரம் மிக மோசமாகி
உங்கள் பணத்தை திருப்பிக் கொடுக்காமல் போகலாம். அல்லது ஒரு வருடத்தில் உங்களால்ஏதோ ஒரு காரணத்தினால் இந்த பணத்தை அனுபவிக்க முடியாமல் போகலாம்.
இவ்வாறு நீங்கள் எடுக்கும் ரிஸ்க்குக்கு ஒரு வட்டி கொடுக்கவேண்டும்.
இந்த மூன்று அம்சங்களும் சேர்ந்ததுதான் பணத்தின் நேர மதிப்பு. இதுதான் வட்டி வாங்குவதற்கான அடிப்படை.
நீங்கள் ஒரு வருடத்துக்கு பணம் கடன் கொடுக்கும்போது 10% வட்டி எதிர்பார்க்கிறீர்கள் என்றால் குறைந்தபட்சம் ஒரு வருடத்துக்கு பணவீக்கம் 10% விட குறைவாக இருக்கும் என்பது உங்கள் எதிர்பார்ப்பு.
உதாரணமாக, 9% பணவீக்கம் எதிர்பார்ப்பதாக வைத்துக்கொள்வோம், மீதமுள்ள 1% தான் உங்கள் காத்திருப்புக்கும், நீங்கள் எடுக்கும் ரிஸ்க்குக்குமான விலை. உங்களின் காத்திருப்புக்கான விலை அதிகமானால், ரிஸ்க் அதிகமானால் வட்டி வீதமும் உயரவேண்டும்.
இப்போதெல்லாம் வங்கிகள் 9% வரை நீண்டகால வைப்புத்தொகைக்கு வட்டி கொடுக்கின்றன. வங்கிகளிடம் ரிஸ்க் குறைவு என்பதால், பணவீக்கத்துக்கும் காத்திருப்புக்கும் வட்டி கொடுத்தால் போதும்.
அடுத்த ஒரு வருடத்தில் நுகர்வு விலை குறியீடு 9%-ஐ விட அதிகமாக உயரும் என்று நீங்கள் கருதினால் 9% வட்டிக்கு வங்கியில் பணத்தைப் போடுவது சரியல்ல.
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கொடுக்கும் பணத்துக்கு எதுக்கு வட்டி?,
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Why would SIDBI promote a 'caste-based' venture fund?
Harini Subramani :Moneycontrol :5 Nov 2013
It's being called India's first 'social impact' venture capital fund, a phrase that is causing quite a stir. But before we proceed to the debate, let's rewind a little.
A few months ago, the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) had announced that it would provide Rs 10 crore to a venture capital fund launched by the Dalit Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DICCI).
Any new fund that promotes SME businesses deserves a round of applause, and, being a 'social impact' fund, so much the better, right? Not quite.
Now, SIDBI is well within its rights to support the fund but why would the bank want to promote a 'casteist' fund? There are some who argue that 'social impact' and 'cast-based' are two very different things and, although no one's breaking the law here, the very intent to support a Dalit fund is suspect.
First, let's take a look at the law. SIDBI was set up in 1990 under an Act of Parliament and its primary objective is to promote, finance and develop the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in our country. Its shareholders include a clutch of public financial institutions including the Life Insurance Corporation of India.
The DICCI SME fund was set up as a Category I, Alternate Investment Fund that would be regulated by SEBI. This category permits the setting up of both an SME fund and a social venture fund. Now, while 'social ventures' usually aim to ameliorate social issues, where an SME would, say, devise means to provide basic amenities or provide employment opportunities in socially backward regions, the DICCI SME fund, its 'social impact' tag notwithstanding, has an altogether different objective. Its sole purpose is to support entrepreneurial initiatives by people from the Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes (SC/STs), regardless of the nature of the ventures. And this is tantamount to promoting a caste, not a social initiative.
The DICCI SME fund was set up as a Category I, Alternate Investment Fund that would be regulated by SEBI. This category permits the setting up of both an SME fund and a social venture fund. Now, while 'social ventures' usually aim to ameliorate social issues, where an SME would, say, devise means to provide basic amenities or provide employment opportunities in socially backward regions, the DICCI SME fund, its 'social impact' tag notwithstanding, has an altogether different objective. Its sole purpose is to support entrepreneurial initiatives by people from the Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes (SC/STs), regardless of the nature of the ventures. And this is tantamount to promoting a caste, not a social initiative.
Still, in keeping with the law, the DICCI SME fund has received the approval of market regulator, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), to raise funds in the range of Rs 500 crore over the next 10 years. Under the Alternate Investment Fund regulations that SEBI introduced in May last year, a social venture has been defined as any venture, either a trust or a society or even a venture capital undertaking or an LLP, whose purpose is to promote social welfare or solving social problems. And therein lies the rub. Is promoting a caste the same as 'social welfare'?
DICCI was established 8 years ago, and, according to its website, it encourages entrepreneurship among Dalit youth. Apart from the questionable move to equate caste promotion with social welfare, there is another knotty legal issue at stake - is promoting a fund set up to promote ventures on the basis of caste, constitutionally valid? And should public financial institutions promote the fund's cause?
The DICCI SME fund is notably the result of the Public Procurement Policy announced by the government in March last year. Accordingly, Public Sector Enterprises would procure at least 20 per cent of their requirement of goods and services from MSMEs. Of this, 4 per cent (of this 20 per cent) of procurement would come from MSMEs run by SC/STs.
This brings us to the next level of the debate: by setting up the fund, has SEBI not contravened Articles 14 and 15 of the Constitution? Additionally, by contributing to this fund, has not SIDBI contravened with the very same articles?
Prima facie, it appears that SIDBI's investment in the DICCI SME fund contravenes with Article 14 and 15 of the Constitution. Article 14 refers to equality before law and Article 15 pertains to prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. But, cleverly, through an amendment, Article 15(4) was brought about to exclude SC/STs.
This exclusion has been consistently argued in various Supreme Court cases. The most interesting of these cases is the Indra Sawhney vs Union of India case before the Supreme Court in 1993. Although the case dates back more than 20 years, it is more relevant today than ever before. The court had examined the validity of Article 15 and 16 of the Constitution and observed that 'backward' is not a static definition. With social and educational advancement, people from this social category may be no more 'backward' than persons from other classes in terms of education and status, the court observed.
The case makes a reference to earlier cases that were heard in the 1960s in various states, where judgments consistently decried the unequal status of certain classes in India. The case mentions that for the purpose of Article 15(4), 'backwardness' must be both social and educational. In fact, the apex court maintained that caste per se cannot be the sole criterion to determine 'backwardness'.
True to the observation of the court, there have been marked changes in the economic status of Dalits, so much so, that the DICCI boasts billionaire entrepreneurs among its brethren! Thus, by investing in a fund that promotes unequal causes, this very act deepens the rift among castes. Shouldn't SIDBI therefore be much more pragmatic while allocating its resources?
True to the observation of the court, there have been marked changes in the economic status of Dalits, so much so, that the DICCI boasts billionaire entrepreneurs among its brethren! Thus, by investing in a fund that promotes unequal causes, this very act deepens the rift among castes. Shouldn't SIDBI therefore be much more pragmatic while allocating its resources?
There's just one other thing: while speaking at the DICCI SME Fund launch in Mumbai, Finance Minister P Chidambaram had said, "Every branch of a bank must handhold at least one Dalit entrepreneur. With close to 1,00,000 bank branches, a hundred thousand flowers will bloom." This is election-speak at its best. And in the battle between politics and pragmatism, the ballot has already been cast.
Empower yourself :10 Keys to Success
Chicken Soup for the Soul
His idea for the Chicken Soup for the Soul series started in 1990. He shared the idea with co-writer Mark Victor Hansen and by 1993, the two had complied over 60 stories.
Getting the book published was another matter, however. He was rejected by more than 130 publishers before the book finally went to print. And even the title of the book, which Canfield attributes to spiritual inspiration, was initially rebuffed by publishers. However, his persistence paid off and today Chicken Soup is a virtual institution in the self help genre, selling more than 112 million copies since its first publication, producing more than 200 spinoffs.
Jack Canfield’s 10 Keys to Success
1. You are responsible for your happiness
Most people think that the path to finding happiness and success is influenced by the external world and that you are never fully in control of how your future turns out. Canfield breaks this notion down by saying that you are 100% responsible for your failure or success.
People who tend to blame everyone around them for their failings are often those who find it hard to find real success in life.
2. Know your purpose
Everyone has a purpose. The secret is finding that purpose, knowing it with clarity, and pursuing it with gusto.
According to Canfield, the true measure of success is knowing your purpose and spending your life achieving that purpose. It is true that we can excel in different areas in life but if these areas are not where the purpose lies, then true happiness will be elusive because this is not the meaning of true success.
3. Decide on what you want
Finding your purpose is one step, but deciding to steer your life in that direction can be a major step for most people. People tend to prefer the place where they are comfortable. The decision to leap and make that drastic career change can be scary. However, wasting your life on careers that do not make you happy will only leave you drained and disillusioned and nowhere near to accomplishing your life’s purpose.
4. Believe that anything is possible
The mind can be a very powerful tool for drawing positive energy into your direction. Let go of doubts and start believing that you can do whatever it is you set out to do.
Keep a positive attitude and the universe will listen.
5. Believe that the world is a good place
A crippling fear of failure, strong competitors, and ridicule in the event of failure can turn even the most confident entrepreneur into a paranoid wreck. Start believing that the world is good, that not everyone is just dying to see you fail.
Turn paranoia on its head and you will see that you become more kind, more open to help and more open to positive energy coming your way as well.
6. Be flexible
Problems will clutter the road to success. The most successful people today faced problems head on and were flexible enough to bend and change when this was needed.
7. Be persistent
Jack Canfield persisted despite the hundred publishers who thought that his book was no good. Rejections may number in the hundreds but it only takes one positive step to take a new idea or a passion to greater heights.
According to Jack, the longer you hang in there, the greater the chances of something positive happening for you.
8. Create and focus on a goal
Creating a goal for yourself creates a measuring stick which you can use to judge your actions and progress.
This helps you turn your dreams into reality.
9. Take the first step
A first step is all that it takes to get started. Many people have lofty dreams and passions but these will remain ideas without action. Taking the first step is the difference between actually pursuing your passion and just dreaming about it.
10. Take risks
Every effort to pursue something new and novel comes with risks. It will be uncomfortable especially if it’s a complete turn-around from the life you are used to. But if you truly believe that this is where your passion lies and you are willing to work towards it, the risks and uncertainty will eventually be worth it.
The Spirit of Thiruvalluvar : அருவினை யென்ப உளவோ...
திருக்குறள்
பொருட்பால்
அதிகாரம் 49
காலம் அறிதல்
குறள் : 483
அருவினை யென்ப உளவோ கருவியாற்
கால மறிந்து செயின். -
கால மறிந்து செயின். -
மு.வ : (செய்யும் செயலை முடிப்பதற்கு வேண்டிய) கருவிகளுடன்
ஏற்றக் காலத்தையும் அறிந்து செய்தால் அரிய செயல்கள் என்பது உண்டோ.
Can any work be hard in very fact,
If men use fitting means in timely act?.
If men use fitting means in timely act?.
திருக்குறளில் இடம்பெறாத ஒரே எண்- ஒன்பது.
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